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Each of us has a certain skin color, which is determined by the amount of melanin in the body, to protect the skin against UV radiation. In certain situations, however, imbalances of melanin can occur, resulting in hyperpigmentation spots on the skin. How do these appear and how can they be avoided?

• Excessive sun exposure

UV rays penetrate the epidermis and stimulate the production of melanin in large quantities. When these are not evenly distributed on the surface of the skin, the excess melanin only reaches certain spots, thus creating hyperpigmented areas. Exposure at inappropriate hours (11 am - 4 pm) or excessively will eventually lead to the appearance of spots. As years pass, cells age and are much more prone to hyperpigmentation. The areas where they most often appear are the face, neck, and hands. It should be noted that regardless of skin type, these affect approximately 90% of adults over 50.

• Hormonal changes and medications that cause hormonal changes (e.g., contraceptives)

In some women, hormonal changes during pregnancy produce these skin spots, especially on the upper part of the face, and they become much more visible in summer, intensifying due to UV rays. Fortunately, in most cases, they are not permanent, disappearing after birth, along with the hormonal imbalance.

• Improper functioning of certain internal organs

The appearance of spots can also be an alarm signal for the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, pigment spots accompany chronic gastritis, calculi, and different types of hepatitis.

• Vitamin and mineral deficiency

Deficiency of vitamins A, C, E, minerals (selenium, zinc), amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine), and body intoxication can cause the appearance of spots.

What should you do to prevent the appearance of spots?

• The best way to protect our skin from hyperpigmentation, regardless of age, is to use sun protection creams, and also to be careful about how much and when we expose ourselves. The protection factor in winter should be at least 30, and 50 on snowy days and summer days. Also, before and during exposure, we can take food supplements that help our skin cope with radiation.
• In summer, avoid cosmetic procedures that cause photosensitivity to your skin. Some of these include chemical exfoliation, aesthetic surgeries, laser hair removal, etc. Consult a dermatologist before undergoing such procedures.

To prevent the appearance of hyperpigmentation spots and protect your skin from the harmful effects of UV rays, it is essential to use a daily sunscreen. SPF cream not only protects the skin from damage caused by sun exposure but also helps prevent hyperpigmentation, keeping your complexion even and healthy. Add an SPF 50+ cream, a local product, to your daily routine now, and ensure your skin receives complete protection!